What is the function of a firewall?

The primary function of a firewall is to monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. Firewalls act as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the internet. They analyze data packets and determine whether to allow or block them, thus playing a critical role in protecting networks from unauthorized access, cyber threats, and breaches.

By setting specific rules, firewalls can permit or deny traffic based on IP addresses, ports, protocols, and other criteria. This functionality helps maintain the security and integrity of network resources, ensuring that sensitive data remains protected from potential attacks.

In comparison, optimizing computer performance pertains to system resources and efficiency, which is not related to the operation of a firewall. Managing user accounts relates to user authentication and access rights in a computing environment and does not directly involve traffic control. Providing antivirus protection is focused on identifying and mitigating malware threats, while firewalls deal with the broader scope of network traffic regulation and security.