What is the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption?

The distinction between symmetric and asymmetric encryption primarily revolves around the use of keys. In symmetric encryption, a single key is used for both encryption and decryption of data. This means that both the sender and the recipient must possess the same key and keep it secret to ensure confidentiality. Examples of symmetric encryption algorithms include AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and DES (Data Encryption Standard).

On the other hand, asymmetric encryption employs a different approach where two keys are utilized: a public key and a private key. The public key can be shared openly and is used to encrypt data, while the private key is kept secret by the recipient and is used to decrypt the data. This method enhances security because even if the public key is widely distributed, only the holder of the private key can decrypt the information.

This fundamental difference in key management is what makes option A the accurate choice. It clearly illustrates that symmetric encryption relies on a single key, whereas asymmetric encryption uses a pair of keys, with one being public and the other private. The other options present various aspects of encryption that are not necessarily true or relevant in the context of distinguishing between symmetric and asymmetric encryption.