What is a subnet in networking?

A subnet, short for subnetwork, refers to a segmented piece of a larger network. This segmentation allows for more efficient management of IP addresses and improves the organization of the network. By dividing a large network into smaller, manageable subnets, network administrators can reduce broadcast traffic and enhance performance. Each subnet functions as a separate entity within the larger network, enabling improved security and better allocation of resources.

Subnets are critical in simplifying routing processes, as routers only need to manage traffic for each subnet rather than the entire network. This structure also allows for better control over data flow and can enhance security by isolating parts of the network from each other.

Understanding subnets is essential for network design, configuration, and troubleshooting, making this concept foundational in networking.